O DIREITO COMO INFRAESTRUTURA DA INOVAÇÃO: MODELOS JURÍDICOS E SUA APLICAÇÃO NO PARQUE TECNOLÓGICO DE RIO VERDE

Abstract

Science and technology parks constitute strategic instruments for promoting innovation, interinstitutional cooperation, and regional development, playing a central role in the consolidation of innovation ecosystems. Within public teaching and research institutions, defining the legal model of these ventures represents a complex organizational decision, conditioned by regulatory frameworks that function as an institutional infrastructure. Situated in the field of Administration, with an emphasis on Public Administration, this study adopts the perspective of Law as a foundational element, engaging with New Institutional Economics to understand how different legal arrangements provide incentives, coordination mechanisms, and organizational capacities in the public sector. The research is guided by the following question: which legal-institutional model is most suitable for the implementation of a science and technology park within a Science and Technology Institution, specifically a Federal Institute? The objective is to analyze the legal models applicable to science and technology parks in Brazil. The study employs a qualitative, applied, and exploratory-descriptive approach, based on bibliographic and documentary analysis of the main regulatory frameworks governing Public Administration and the national policy on science, technology, and innovation. As a contribution, it identifies and comparatively systematizes the legal models applicable to science and technology parks within the context of the federal public administration, providing technical support for decision-making. The results indicate that the Brazilian legal system does not impose a single model, allowing the coexistence of public, private non-profit, and hybrid arrangements. Models with greater administrative autonomy and network-based governance tend to be more suitable for innovative environments, provided they are accompanied by appropriate control and accountability mechanisms. As a technical-technological product, a guiding technical report was developed as a tool to support strategic decision-making.