ALIMENTOS TRANSGÊNICOS, ORGÂNICOS E ORGÊNICOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

Producing food in the current market increasingly requires organizations to comply with laws, quality standards and the growing demand for transparency and sustainability from consumers. The labeling of organic, transgenic and organotransgenic foods is a crucial issue for consumers and the food industry and represents a revolution in agriculture, allowing more resistant crops and increasing production. Although transgenic foods promise healthier and safer foods, many people still have prejudices about their consumption due to inconsistent information, so they opt for organic foods due to their perceived benefits for health and the environment. The general objective of this work was to carry out a literature review on the labeling of transgenic, organic and orgenic foods. The literature review was conducted from January to April 2024, using the electronic platforms Google Scholar, Google and Electronic Library Online (SciELO). The search terms (descriptor terms) included "organic foods", "organic foods", "organotransgenic foods", "transgenic foods", "commercialization", "consumer", "environment", "food labeling", "regulation of food" and its variations, “food security.” Inclusion criteria were academic articles, reviews and documents published between 2019 and 2024, focusing on contemporary issues and current perspectives on food labeling and its acceptability among the population. It is crucial to ensure that any changes to regulations are based on solid scientific evidence and carefully consider potential social, ethical and environmental impacts. Open and transparent dialogue between scientists, farmers, regulators and consumers is essential to make informed decisions that promote food safety, sustainability and the well-being of all involved. With increasing awareness of issues related to health, the environment and sustainability, consumers are increasingly interested in knowing whether the food they are purchasing contains GMO ingredients, is produced organically or is a combination of the two. Debates surrounding the labeling of GM, organic and organoGM foods are complex and multifaceted, reflecting a variety of concerns and interests from different stakeholders, including consumers, producers, regulators and scientists. The results highlighted consumer concerns about transparency and food safety, as well as debates over labeling standards and government policies. Disagreements between advocates of mandatory labeling and opponents were explored, along with implications for the food industry and market trends. It is important for the population to understand different foods and how to identify them with appropriate regulation to ensure that food labels provide accurate and reliable information to consumers. This includes implementing clear labeling requirements for GMO and organic foods, as well as ensuring that products are labeled in a transparent and understandable way.