POTENCIAL DE USO DE HERBICIDAS PARA A CULTURA DO FEIJÃO ARROZ (Vigna umbellata)

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the potential use of herbicides used in commercial crops for the rice bean crop. Two experiments were carried out, one consisting of pre-emergent herbicides and the other composed of post-emergent herbicides. They were conducted at the IF Goiano Campus Rio Verde GO, in a greenhouse. Eighteen treatments were evaluated in pre-emergence, namely: diclosulam 17.5 and 35 g ha-¹, S-metolachlor 600 and 1200 g ha-¹, mesotrione 72 and 144 g ha-¹, sulfentrazone 200 and 400 g ha-¹ ¹, trifluralin 534 and 1068 g ha-¹, saflufenacil 17.5 and 35 g ha-¹, flumioxazin 20 and 40 g ha-¹, pyroxasulfone 37.5 and 75 g ha-¹ and pyroxasulfone + flumioxazin 45+30 and 90 +60 g ha-¹ and in post-emergence, 15 herbicides were tested: chlorimuron 10 and 20 g ha-¹, imazethapyr 53 and 106 g ha-¹, fomesafen 125 and 250 g ha-¹, imazamona+bentazone 14+300 and 28+600 g ha-¹, mesotrione 72 and 144 g ha-¹, nicosulfuron 20 and 40 g ha-¹ and methyl haloxyfop 25 and 50 g ha-¹, plus controls in both assays. A randomized block design was used, with 5 replications, also considering the controls. Phytointoxication was evaluated at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after emergence or days after application. Plant height, number of trefoils and dry mass were evaluated during flowering. Rice bean plants are sensitive to the herbicides mesotrione, sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, pyroxasulfone+flumioxazin, saflufenacil and diclosulam and tolerant to the herbicides S-metolachlor and p methyl haloxyfop. By applying half the recommended dose for the herbicides imazethapyr, nicosulfuron and trifluralin, the phytotoxic effects are reduced and the bean becomes selective.