ANÁLISE QUANTITATIVA E QUALITATIVA NA COLHEITA MECANIZADA DE FEIJÃO

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative losses in the mechanized harvest of beans under different speeds of the harvester and water content of the grains. The experiment was conducted from July to November 2019. The design used was completely randomized in a 3x2 factorial scheme, with three harvest speeds (3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 km h-1) and two water levels grains (12 and 14%), with six replications. Natural losses, due to cutting defects, in the internal and total mechanisms were measured. The quality of the harvested grains was also evaluated through laboratory tests. The velocity factor was not significant in any of the evaluated losses, although the average values of total losses obtained for all studied velocities are above the acceptable limit. The water content affected the internal and total losses, with the highest results obtained with 14%. Regarding quality, the purity of the grains, the percentage of broken grains and the emergence in the field were not affected by the moisture of the grains and the speed of the harvester. The harvest with grains with 14% water content provided a lower percentage of damaged grains and electrical conductivity. Germination and purity were high for all treatments, which demonstrates that the grains have high vigor.