DESCRIÇÃO DE CULTIVARES DE SOJA (Glycine max) UTILIZANDO MODELOS MULTIVARIÁVEIS

Abstract

The genetic identities of different cultivars existing in the market in different environments express potentials and are affected in different ways by numerous phytosanitary agents simultaneously. The objective of this work was to evaluate the temporal progress of the damage caused by biotic and abiotic agents of soybean cultivars and to verify the impact on morphological and / or yield parameters. In the 2018 harvest, 15 soybean cultivars (treatments) represented by CD 2700, Single 68i68 RSF Ipro, Gold INT 7100, Foco 74i77, 95R95 Ipro, 96Y90, Corumbá, Paranaíba, Aporé, Maracaí, TEC 7022 Ipro, TEC 7548 Ipro, CZ36B31 Ipro, CZ 26B42 Ipro and CZ 37B19 LL, in 4 blocks, in a randomized block design. The plant health severity (SEVFITO) was evaluated by taking 10 samples per leaf at 67, 75, 82, 103, 110 and 117 days after planting (DAP), allowing the construction of progress curves and calculation of the area below the progress curve (AACPD) and infection rate (IT). At 50 DAP soybean cultivars belonged to the phenological stage R1 and R2, the cultivars more and less affected by biotic and abiotic complexes, respectively were CZ 37B19 LL (stage R2 and susceptible reaction S) and CZ 26B42 Ipro (stage R2 and reaction R ). At 110 DAP the soybean cultivars belonged to phenotype R8, the cultivars more and less affected by biotic and abiotic complexes, respectively, were CZ 37B19 LL (stage R8 and susceptible reaction S) and Corumbá (R8 stage and R reaction). The cultivar most susceptible to the attack of biotic and abiotic agents on the different days of evaluation was Gold INT 7100. At 75 DAP, when the cultivars were at the phenological stage R5.2, R5.3 and R5.4, the highest peaks (0-15% severity) of the severity in the soybean cultivars evaluated, indicating a critical moment for the cultivars CZ 26B42 Ipro, Aporé and Maracaí. The cultivar Gold INT 7100 presented a maximum peak of expansion of the epidemic at 82 DAP. At 110 DAP was not explored in the progress curve because the greater severity was found related to senescence. The AACPD identified the most susceptible cultivars Aporé, CD 2700, Ouro INT 7100 and Paranaíba in the cultivation cycle (Figure 2A). The cultivar that most expressed responses in yield and / or morphological parameters was the cultivar CZ 26B42 Ipro, and this showed a small phytosanitary severity during the evaluated period. Through this work, it was possible to analyze phytosanitary complexes using multivariable strategies and to indicate tolerance reaction relationships with respect to cultivars, being an important initiative in the field of relationship of damage caused by numerous agents in the production of soybean cultivars.