PROSPECÇÃO DE ENZIMAS LOPOLÍTICAS EM FUNGOS PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL

Abstract

Lipases are enzymes capable of catalyzing lipids, several studies have been emerging about these enzymes because they have a large field of applicability, and their obtaining from lipolytic fungi causes their cost to decrease compared to other types of catalysts. One of their fields is transesterification of triglycerides, breaking bonds and forming esters. Seventeen fungi from sugarcane bagasse were cultivated in submerged fermentation, using extra virgin olive oil as the sole carbon source, and the broth produced were analyzed for specific activities of each fungus through the p-NPB substrate with the colorimetric method. , the enzymatic broth of the best fungi was glued to react with soybean oil and methanol in proportions established by a central point composite design, obtaining methyl esters that were quantified by gas chromatography. The study obtained some promising fungi Paecilomyces formosus (first isolate), Paecilomyces formosus (second isolate) and Aspergillus tubingensis, they are able to grow in medium containing a single carbon source, olive oil, and can utilize the p-NPB substrate. and obtain maximum lipolytic activities of 9,268 U mg -1, 7,032 U mg -1 and 6,447 U mg -1 of protein respectively. The crude enzyme extract added in oil: methanol reaction medium in different proportions obtained a maximum conversion of 41.60% of methyl esters. In conclusion, these fungi have a high lipase specific activity and can catalyze lipid compounds producing methyl esters and may have wide applicability in other industry sectors.