RELATÓRIO DE ESTÁGIO: GASTROTOMIA PARA REMOÇÃO DE CORPO ESTRANHO PERFUROCORTANTE EM CÃO: RELATO DE CASO

Abstract

Ingestion of foreign bodies is a frequent occurrence in the routine of small animals; however, sharp objects drastically increase the risk of perforation and septic peritonitis. This study aims to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in an 8-year-old, 9.8 kg male Poodle dog, treated in Catalão-GO immediately after the accidental ingestion of glass fragments. During the anamnesis and physical examination, the patient presented clinically stable and without acute gastrointestinal signs. The diagnosis was confirmed by abdominal radiography in three projections, which showed multiple amorphous radiopaque structures, measuring between 0.8 and 2.7 cm in the gastric region.

Due to the high potential for injury from the material, immediate surgical intervention via gastrotomy was chosen, preceded by upper digestive endoscopy which confirmed the integrity of the esophageal and gastric mucosa. The anesthetic protocol prioritized multimodal analgesia and hemodynamic stability, including locoregional quadratus lumborum (QLB) block. Access was achieved via median celiotomy, and after inspection of the cavity, gastrotomy was performed, fragments were removed, and gastric closure was performed in two layers (simple seromuscular followed by Cushing-pattern invaginating closure) with absorbable suture.

The postoperative period focused on dietary progression (from pureed to moist gastrointestinal) and protective therapy with antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, analgesics, and gastric protectors. Recovery was monitored by the absence of clinical signs and healing of the surgical wound. An episode of vomiting on the 4th day, due to a dietary error, was resolved with clinical management, based on a return to the prescribed guidelines. Full recovery was confirmed at 12 days by clinical stability and absence of complications, resulting in definitive discharge. The success of this case reinforces that early diagnosis, combined with prompt surgical intervention, is crucial for a favorable prognosis and the prevention of serious complications in cases of ingestion of sharp objects.