DESEMPENHO DE CULTIVARES DE SOJA (Glycine Max L.) PARA O MUNICÍPIO DE PIRACANJUBA – GO

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a crop of great importance for Brazilian agriculture, especially in the Central-West region, where it plays a relevant role in the economy and grain production. The productive success of the crop depends on several factors, among them the appropriate selection of cultivars, considering their adaptation to local conditions of climate, soil, and management. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of different soybean cultivars, belonging to distinct maturity groups, in a technological showcase established in the municipality of Piracanjuba, Goiás. The experiment was conducted under field conditions, involving 27 cultivars from different companies, in addition to the cultivars Olimpo and Guepardo, used as references because they are widely planted in the region. Sowing was carried out in November 2024, with 0.50 m spacing between rows and plant population adjusted according to the recommendation for each material. Throughout the crop cycle, evaluations of emergence, plant stand, and vegetative development were performed. After physiological maturity, the plants were manually harvested and evaluated in the laboratory, and parameters such as plant height, number of pods, number of grains, thousand-grain weight, and estimated yield were analyzed. The results showed clear differences among the evaluated cultivars, especially among maturity groups. Late-cycle cultivars showed higher yields, while early-cycle cultivars allow earlier harvest, favoring crop succession. Thus, it is concluded that the correct choice of cultivar is a decisive factor for the good performance of soybean crops in the region of Piracanjuba-GO.