ANÁLISE TÉCNICO-ECONÔMICA DA EXECUÇÃO DE REDES COLETORAS DE ESGOTO COM A UTILIZAÇÃO DE UMA NOVA TECNOLOGIA

Abstract

Basic Sanitation, recognized as essential infrastructure for the realization of fundamental rights to health and human dignity, faces the challenge of meeting the universalization goals of 90% sewage collection and treatment by 2033, established by the New Legal Framework for Sanitation (Law No. 14,026/2020), which demands greater operational efficiency and rationalization of resources in infrastructure works. This study proposed a technical-economic analysis comparing the traditional Destructive Method (DM) with the Destructive Method with Implement (DMI), a new technology that incorporates accessories into the backhoe to optimize the excavation and compaction stages. The quantitative case study used real field data from the execution of a sewage collection network in the municipality of Barcarena, Pará. Technically, the DMI demonstrated a gain in Average Productivity (Pm) of 16.44% compared to the DM baseline (73.18 m/day), driven by the implement's ability to standardize the trench width, resulting in an average 12.17% reduction in Unit Excavation Volume (Vunit). Additionally, the technology enhances operational safety by eliminating the need for workers to enter the confined space at depths exceeding 1.25 m. Economically, the technical gains translated into an 8.8% reduction in the consolidated Unit Cost (R$/m), which decreased from R$ 266.41/m (DM) to R$ 242.96/m (DMI), confirming that execution optimization is crucial for the implement's economic and financial viability. It is concluded that DMI constitutes a high-value-added incremental innovation, capable of accelerating universalization goals and strengthening the efficiency of basic sanitation investments in the national context.