DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM APLICATIVO DE VOTAÇÃO ONLINE COM IMPLEMENTAÇÃO ADAPTADA DO MÉTODO DE BORDA

Abstract

This work presents the development of an online voting application implementing an adaptation of the Borda Count method, providing a modern, secure, and representative alternative to traditional electronic voting models. The project was designed for Android mobile devices, integrating authentication, storage, and real-time vote tallying through the Firebase platform. The system features a robust architecture, with a Kotlin-based backend and an XML-developed interface, ensuring stable performance and intuitive usability. Each voter could rank their preferences, assigning decreasing points according to the adapted Borda method—three points for the first choice, two for the second, and one for the third. This approach enhanced collective representativeness, reduced distortions common in majority voting, and promoted greater fairness in decision-making. The methodology involved iterative software development, specification of functional and non-functional requirements, and experimental validation with twenty-two participants. Results demonstrated operational stability, data integrity, and reliable vote counting, with an average response time below three seconds per interaction. The system also stood out for portability and adaptability to various contexts, including educational, corporate, and community settings, enabling secure voting without reliance on complex infrastructure. As a contribution, the project not only implemented a social choice method still underexplored in digital solutions but also established a solid technical foundation for future hybrid and embedded voting systems. The proposed architecture could evolve into an intelligent physical ballot box, integrating the application with microcontrollers, authentication sensors, and emerging blockchain technologies, further enhancing security, auditability, and trustworthiness in digital electoral processes.