MANEJO CLÍNICO-CIRÚRGICO E TERAPÊUTICO DE CANINO SUBMETIDO A ENUCLEAÇÃO COM USO DO BLOQUEIO RETROBULBAR: RELATO DE CASO

Abstract

Enucleation is a widely used surgical procedure in veterinary medicine for the removal of the eyeball in cases of severe trauma, intraocular neoplasms, infections resistant to conventional treatments, or chronic intractable pain. The decision to perform enucleation should be based on a thorough clinical assessment, weighing the risks and benefits of surgery. This case report describes the enucleation of a canine puppy that suffered an attack by another dog, emphasizing the importance of retrobulbar block as an anesthetic technique to prevent the oculocardiac reflex and provide effective analgesia during the procedure. Prior to surgery, laboratory tests, including a complete blood count and biochemical analysis, were conducted to evaluate the patient’s systemic condition and ensure a safe anesthetic approach. The anesthetic protocol combined inhalational general anesthesia with sevoflurane and local analgesia through the administration of lidocaine and ropivacaine in the retrobulbar block. This strategy allowed for effective and stable anesthesia, reducing the need for deep general anesthesia and minimizing intraoperative complications. Postoperative pain management was carried out with multimodal analgesia, including opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and healing eye drops, along with rigorous follow-up to monitor the patient's recovery. The outcome of the procedure was satisfactory, with no surgical or infectious complications, and the patient exhibited a stable recovery without significant discomfort. This study highlights the importance of an appropriate anesthetic plan, continuous intraoperative monitoring, and meticulous postoperative management to ensure the success of ocular enucleation in small animals. Furthermore, it reinforces the retrobulbar block as an essential technique in veterinary ophthalmic anesthesia, providing greater safety and comfort to the patient.