PANORAMA E DESAFIOS DO CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO: COMPATIBILIDADE ENTRE DEFENSIVOS QUÍMICOS E BIOLÓGICOS

Abstract

The use of chemical products to control pests and diseases is a very efficient method and still the most used in large crops, however, there has been an increase in the search for biological products aiming at integrated management. The genus Trichoderma is one of the main groups that contains fungi capable of controlling soil diseases and also inducing plant growth. Among the entomopathogenic fungi, fungi of the genus Metarhizium and Beauveria are those that stand out most for their high efficiency in controlling insect pests. Due to their positioning next to chemicals, it is necessary to understand that some molecules have the potential to negatively affect the development of biological control agents. The molecules Thiamethoxam, Fipronil, Metalaxyl, Carboxin, Tiram, Chlorothalonil and Glyphosate did not interfere with the viability of Trichoderma. Acephate was considered moderately toxic to Metarhizium and fipronil significantly reduced the viability of B. bassiana. As for herbicides, clomazone+amethrin and 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid inhibited mycelial growth, production and viability of conidia of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae. It is concluded that compatibility is an important factor in ensuring the effectiveness of biological products.