INFLUÊNCIA DAS ESTAÇÕES DO ANO SOBRE A QUALIDADE DO LEITE CRU REFRIGERADO EM PROPRIEDADES LEITEIRAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE URUANA-GOIÁS

Abstract

Brazil is the third largest milk producer, as it is of great value to the economy of the municipalities where this activity predominates, in addition to being an important subsistence activity. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of the seasons on milk quality in the municipality of Uruana GO, in order to contribute to the quality of refrigerated raw milk and make this information publicly available. A data survey was carried out from a dairy company in the municipality of Uruana-GO, from ten randomly selected properties considering the four seasons of the year (February, March, April, May, July, September, October and November) in a split-plot scheme. The parameters evaluated were: fat, protein, lactose, total solids, defatted dry extract, somatic cell count and standard plate count. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analyzed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05). Among the ten properties and the four seasons of the year, it was possible to observe differences in all parameters analyzed. Regarding fat, in relation to the properties, six stood out in all seasons of the year due to the nutritional management adopted, except in winter, where there was no difference. Regarding protein, properties three and six stood out, as they presented lower protein content only in spring, which may have been affected by the high temperatures that influence the feed consumption of these animals. Regarding the somatic cell count, property five presented a lower SCC, which may have been correlated with the non-performance of dry cow therapy. Regarding the standard plate count, property two was lower, which may have been correlated with the non performance of pre-dipping. However, to obtain quality milk, it is necessary to carry out all preventive management, from nutritional to milking. In order to allow the producer to create strategies to produce standardized quality milk regardless of the season of the year.