EFEITO DE Bacillus velezensis E Azospirillum BRASILIENSE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO TRIGO

Abstract

Wheat cultivation has gained relevance as a viable alternative for winter crops in the Cerrado region. However, attention must be paid to the efficiency of this practice, as tropical soils present limiting nutritional characteristics. In this context, wheat is considered a crop with high nutritional demand, especially for nitrogen and phosphorus. Better availability of these nutrients can be obtained using beneficial microorganisms Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of inoculation with growth-promoting microorganisms on resource consumption efficiency and productivity of wheat cultivation. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 6 replications, involving 5 treatments: absolute control - without fertilization and without the application of microorganisms; fertilized plot - mineral fertilization without the application of microorganisms; application of Bacillus velezensis + mineral fertilization; application of Azospirillum brasilense + mineral fertilization; application of Bacillus velezensis + Azospirillum brasilense + mineral fertilization. Commercial products based on the microorganisms were used and applied at sowing, according to the manufacturers' recommendations. Initial development, growth, productivity, and nutrient content in the leaves were evaluated after harvest. The treatment that received mineral fertilization combined with the two microorganisms showed higher growth averages throughout the entire vegetative stage of the crop. Microorganisms, such as those tested, can alter plant physiology and morphology and, along their ability to make nutrients available, promote growth under field environmental conditions. Management practices with plant growthpromoting bacteria are complex and depend on the appropriate interaction between plant, microorganism, and environment. Reassessing the source of nutrients, planned reduction of mineral fertilization, or water regime are paths to be considered to optimize the practice.