LEVANTAMENTO DOS FITONEMATOIDES EM DIFERENTES CULTIVARES DE BANANA E SUA CORRELAÇÃO COM OS ATRIBUTOS DO SOLO

Abstract

Banana (Musa sp.) is one of the most consumed fruits in the world. Brazil is among the largest producers in the world. The fruit is of great economic importance, generating income for the producing regions of the country. Some phytosanitary problems, such as nematodes, insects, fungi, among others, affect productivity. The objective of this study was to conduct a population survey of phytonematodes and correlate the occurrence of phytonematodes with the chemical and physical attributes of the soil. Soil and root samples of bananas were collected in four producing areas in the municipality of Ceres, GO. Chemical, physical and nematological analyses were performed in the soil laboratory. Flotation-sedimentation, sieving and clarification methods were used to extract nematodes. The Peters slide was used for quantification in the taxonomy of nematodes, and the identification of genera was done with the aid of taxonomic keys in the microscopy laboratory. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for data processing and analysis using PAST software. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the genus Meloidogyne sp. is the main genus of phytonematode, present in almost all sampled banana plantations, being the most frequent, dominant and abundant in root samples. The genus Rotylenchus sp. is the most abundant in soil samples. The nutrients P and K in ideal levels can increase the resistance of plants to phytonematode attack.