Avaliação espaço-temporal do uso do solo e das APPs na Bacia do Rio São Tomás e seus efeitos sob a erosão

Abstract

The global scenario in recent years has shown concern regarding water issues, hydrological events are becoming increasingly apparent and recurring. The expansion of extensive agriculture and livestock farming is characterized by the removal of vegetation cover from the soil, this practice is favorable to increased soil loss. In order to analyze how changes in land occupation interfere with soil water erosion processes, the São Tomás River Basin, located in the southwest of the state of Goiás, was studied from 1985 to 2022. This study aimed to The objective is to evaluate spatially-temporal changes in land use in this basin and demonstrate their effects on water erosion, while also evaluating their influence on APPs. Land occupation data for the years 1985, 2000 and 2022 was analyzed, regarding erosive susceptibility using the Wischmeier and Smith methodology. Regarding the results, there was growth in agricultural activity, being a major influence on the issue of erosive development, however for APPs, vegetation demonstrated growth in the delimited areas. In the end, it was concluded that despite the relief having a great influence on the process of soil loss, changes in land cover also proved to be influential, being responsible for the likely increase in erosion processes in the basin, which directly affects the water courses. 'water in a negative way, with the importance of adequate soil management and the preservation of riparian forests as alternatives to control erosion.