RESPOSTAS AGRONÔMICAS DE SOJA E MILHO INDUZIDAS PELA APLICAÇÃO FOLIAR DE AMINOÁCIDOS

Abstract

The objective of this study was to understand the individual effects and response of soybean and corn crops grown with the application of different amino acids applied via foliar. This knowledge will be used in balanced and optimized formulations of foliar fertilizers, generating unique products. The treatments (field experiments) consisted of the application of isolated amino acids: Aspartic acid; Arginine; Cysteine; Cystine; Citrulline; Phenylalanine; Glycine; Glutamine; Isoleucine; Leucine; Lysine; Methionine; Ornithine; Proline; Taurine; Tyrosine; Threonine; Tryptophan; Valine, applied at a dose of 20 g ha-1 in two phenological stages of soybean (V4 + R1) and corn (V4 + V9) crops. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 20 treatments and four replications. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (p<0.05) and when significant the data were subjected to the mean test (Scott-Knott p<0.05), using the statistical software SISVAR®. Physiological parameters were evaluated (Ci/Ca ratio; leaf temperature; Net photosynthesis; Transpiration rate; Stomatal conductance; Fluorescence; PSII photochemical yield; Electron transport rate and Efficiency in water use. The biometric variables as Plant height; Stem diameter (stem for corn), number of internodes; Number of leaves; Number of branches; Number of pods and nutritional variables such as leaf nutrient content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn). The amino acids application improves physiological and productive performance, greater efficiency in water use, does not promote changes in the content of macro and micronutrients in soybean and corn leaves. The amino acids isolated application in corn and soybean plants, especially tyrosine, promoted increases in the mass of 100 grains. Under the conditions of the present study, the amino acids application via foliar did not promote changes in the biometric variables of growth, Chlorophyll index and macro and micronutrients in corn and soybean leaves.