ADAPTABILIDADE E ESTABILIDADE FENOTÍPICA DE GENÓTIPOS DE SOJA PELO MÉTODO AMMI

Abstract

Soybean cultivation is extremely important for the Brazilian economy, with production of 154 million tons in 2022. Therefore, it is necessary for cultivars to perform at their best to achieve maximum productivity. Its desire is defined by the set of genes present and by the genotype x environment interaction, therefore, adaptability and stability studies guarantee security in the process of selecting superior genotypes in soybean breeding. In this sense, the objective of this work is to evaluate the adaptability and stability of 46 different soybean genotypes in seven municipalities located in the southern region of the state of Goiás and Mato Grosso. The experiment was conducted in 7 locations and evaluated 46 soybean genotypes regarding the mass of 100 grains and productivity (kg.ha-1). When detecting a significant G x A interaction, phenotypic adaptability and stability are analyzed using the AMMI method, which integrates additive factors for the primary effect of genotypes and environments and multiplicative factors. A high level of significance was observed in the G x A interaction for productivity and mass of 100 grains and by AMMI analysis the locations of Alto Garças and Jataí combined with stability in terms of productivity together with the genotypes G2, G5 and G35 and Rio Verde 2 and Jataí for 100 grain mass, in sets with G4, G9 and G42. The G9 and G28 genotypes, in addition to their results, stood out in terms of productivity. In addition, Jataí stood out as the most reliable for recommending cultivars. AMMI method is essential to evaluate adapted genotypes and results in each environment and ensure safety in recommendations