OPERAÇÕES AGRÍCOLAS NA REGIÃO SUDOESTE DE GOIÁS NA SAFRA DE 2021/2022. ESTUDO DE CASO NA FAZENDA SANTA FÉ

Abstract

Brazil stands out as the world's largest producer of soy, the third largest producer of corn, surpassed only by the USA, followed by China, in addition to being one of the largest producers of common bean. The country has made great advances in terms of the use of technologies in recent years, which has enabled the incorporation of areas of low natural fertility, such as the soils of the Cerrados region, for the cultivation of various crops, with satisfactory productivity. Among the technologies developed, it is worth mentioning the Direct Planting System (SPD), in addition to other technologies such as seed improvement, integrated management of pests and diseases, development of machines and implements. However, agriculture still faces challenges, such as the high cost of production, mainly due to high input costs, pest and disease management (biotic and abiotic factors), harvest losses often due to lack of training, in addition to changes in weather. This supervised internship was carried out at the Santa Fé Farm, located in the municipality of Santa Helena de Goiás - GO, with monitoring of the cultivation of soybean, corn and common bean crops. The objectives were: i) Expanding practical knowledge and reconciling it with theoretical knowledge regarding soil preparation (straw desiccation and herbicide application), application of correctives and fertilizers, seed treatment, seeder adjustment, planting, cultural practices, management pests and diseases and monitor the harvesting process. The internship was of great value, as it enabled knowledge of the largest Brazilian commodities, highlighting their management and the technologies included from planting to harvesting.