AVALIAÇÃO DE Trichoderma harzianum SUPEREXPRESSANDO O GENE DE aquaporina PARA O CONTROLE DE Meloidogyne javanica EM FEIJÃO COMUM

Abstract

Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are leguminous plants widely grown in Brazil under different climatic conditions and seasons. However, the cultivation of beans has had severe damage caused by pest and diseases of fungal, bacterial, viral and nematode origin. Therefore, biological control are low cost strategies which aim to supply the new world trend in agriculture. In this work, Trichoderma sp. lineages are evaluated taking into account the biological control capacity of nematodes, vigor, and phytosanitary behavior of bean seeds. Hence, seeds were treated with three lineages: (i) wild T. harzianum; (ii) T. harzianum under conditions of lytic enzyme induction of mycoparasitism; (iii) and modified genetic T. harzianum with aquaporin gene overexpression. involved in the control of Fusarium sp. As a result, it was possible to demonstrate that treatments containing genetically modified lineages were able to maintain the biological control activity of the nematode Meloidogyne javanica in bean plants when compared to the wild lineage and the commercial products available in the market. And, with respect to physiological quality, these lines overexpressing aquaporin increased the water absorption capacity, and maintained the parameters of germination and vigor when compared to the wild T. harzianum. In addition, the phytosanitary analysis of the seeds revealed the maintenance of the biological control activity and better adherence of the treatments containing genetically modified T. harzianum. Thus, the overexpression of aquaporin in T. harzianum strains has potential for application in bioformulations in treatments seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris.