PLANTAS DE COBERTURA NA ENTRESSAFRA E DINÂMICA POPULACIONAL DE FITONEMATOIDES

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the potential of using different cover crops, in single or intercropped cultivation, in the population fluctuation of nematodes, as well as to verify possible changes in soil attributes that may be involved in the control of these pathogens. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area of ​​400m², at the COMIGO Technological Center (CTC), in the city of Rio Verde - GO. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design (CBD), with ten treatments, Pousio Sujo, (100%) Urochloa ruziziensis; (100%) Crotalaria spectabilis; (80%) R.U. + (20%) C.s.; (60%) R.U. + (40%) C.s.; (50%) R.U. + (50%) C.s.; (40%) R.U. + (60%) C.s.; (20%) R.U. + (80%) C.s.; Crotalaria ochroleuca + C.s. + Raphanus sativus L. + U.r.; c.o. + U.r., submitted to four replications each, totaling 40 plots with dimensions of 5 x 8 m (40 m²). A significant difference was observed in the evaluation of resistance to soil penetration in the 0-10 cm layer in the treatments (100%) R.W.; (50%) R.U. + (50%) C.s.; (40%) R.U. + (60%) C.s.; c.o. + C.s. + R.s. L. + U.r.; and C.o. + U.r. There were also differences in the percentage of soil cover at 30 and 60 days after sowing. Regarding biomass production, there was a difference at 30, 60 and 90 DAS (Days After Sowing) where all treatments excelled except (100%) C.s. The reproduction factor (FR) of Pratylenchus spp. of both intercropped and single crops for the control of this nematode species were lower than 1.0 in the root or soil, that is, the final population was smaller than the initial one. The population of Heterodera glycines both in the soil and in the roots were smaller, indicating a decrease in population density in all crops in the experiment. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the production of soybeans in the subsequent harvest