SINTOMAS DEPRESSIVOS E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM ESCOLARES DO ENSINO MÉDIO INTEGRADO: prevalência e fatores associados

Abstract

Depression is between the most prevalent disorders among teenagers, with negative impacts on social, family and academic development. The evaluation of psychological disorders among students it is essential to identify vulnerable groups, clarify the adverse conditions associated with the illness of students and the possible consequences for academic performance and learning. This study it is justified by its relevance to the orientation of an effective planning of public policies for the promotion of mental health in the educational context. Therefore, the main goal of these it was evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and life quality (QOL) in students of the Integrated High School (IHS), an institution of the Federal School System. A cross-sectional observational study it was conducted with a sample of 343 students (55.7% female, 14 to 18 years old) from the EMI of two Federal Institute of Goiano (IF Goiano), between April and July 2021. Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) it was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Sociodemographic variables, QOL, behavioral habits, family and school context, mental health, violence, weight and body image and situations related with COVID-19 were also evaluated. Analysis based on the Poisson regression model was performed, adopting depressive symptoms as an outcome variable. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among students was 43.4% (95% CI: 38.0 to 49.0) and it is associated with female gender, 1st grade of high school students, social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, hunger for lack of food at home, low level of physical activity and low QOL. In addition, depressive symptoms are associated with school absences without the permission of teenagers’ parents/guardians, reduced emotional support from parents/guardians, victimization due to bullying, not having close friends, loneliness, sleep changes, violence and body image. Finally, we elaborate and apply the educational product, in the E-book/Book format, entitled "Games and socioemotional intelligence", with the objective of sharing pedagogical tools for the mediation of socioemotional education in high school. The results of this research demonstrate, among other aspects, the importance of public health and education policies and multidisciplinary interventions aimed at protecting the mental health of IHS students.