TEMPERATURAS EM ESTERILIZADOR SOLAR E EMERGÊNCIA DE PLANTAS DANINHAS APÓS SOLARIZAÇÃO DO SOLO

Abstract

This work aimed to evaluate temperatures in a solar sterilizer and the emergence of weeds in soil subjected to solarization. The experiment was divided into two stages: soil solarization in a sterilizer, with internal and external temperature records, and evaluation of weed emergence in a greenhouse. The design used was in randomized blocks, with four replications, in 2 x 12 subdivided plots, with 2 soil treatments (solarized and without solarization) in the plots and the 12 weeds in the subplots, totaling 24 treatments. Each subplot consisted of 50 cells of black polyethylene trays. The mass of 200 seeds was measured for each species: B. pilosa L. (510 mg), D. insularis L. (106 mg), R. nerviglumis (250 mg), D. adscendens (Sw.) DC (866 mg), N. physalodes L. (150 mg), A. conyzoides L. (15 mg), C. album L. (208 mg), A. spinosus L. (45 mg), Panicum maximum Jacq cv. Colonião (850 mg), C. echinatus L., (5I556 mg), S. americanum Mill. (40 mg), B. brizantha cv. Marandu (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) (220 mg). Based on these values, the mass of 1000 seeds of each species was mixed, homogeneously, the mass of 1000 seeds of each species was mixed homogeneously, in 1500 cm3 of autoclaved soil, a volume sufficient to fill 200 cells in the trays. Every 5 days, for 180 days, the weeds that emerged were counted. Among the parameters, the mean emergence time, the germination percentage (G) and the emergence speed index (IVE) were evaluated. The last two parameters were analyzed at 30-day intervals (0-30, 30-60, 60-90, 90-120, 120-150 and 150-180 days). Solarization can be applied to suppression of weeds, where emergence varies depending on the solarization temperature and the species, being more efficient in controlling the e control Ageratum conyzoides L.