CONTROLE DE Meloidogyne javanica: EFEITO IN VITRO DE EXTRATOS DE PLANTAS NATIVAS DO CERRADO

Abstract

METHANOL extracts from five species of plants native to the Cerrado of Goiás were analyzed: mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville), pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.), Jatobá (Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart.) And lobeira (Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil) in vitro for the control of Meloidogyne javanica. They analyzed the following concentrations: 0; 12.5; 25; 50 and 100 mg L-1 of the methanol extracts. In tubes and then in Petri dishes were placed the suspension containing 200 second nematode juveniles (J2) together with the extracts concentrations, incubated in a growth chamber at 25 ° C. After 48 hours quantification of live J2 was performed, that is, those that cross the filter paper placed on the Petri plates under a Photonic microscope. The quantification of J2 was performed with the help of the Peters chamber. There was a significant difference between the extracts that were efficient in causing the mortality of the J2 of M. javanica. The extract that caused the highest mortality of J2 was barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville), 80% in concentration of 100 mg L-1. Regardless of the extracts, the best concentrations were higher than 50 mg L-1 and 100 mg L-1. This effect was probably due to the presence of secondary metabolites belonging to the important classes, such as steroids, simple phenols, flavonoids, flavanones, flavanonols, saponins and tannins substances known to have antibactericidal and nematicidal activity. Based on the results the barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville), extract showed a great potential for the control of M. javanica. Therefore, there is a need for new in vivo studies on nematicidal action to prove its effectiveness.