METODOLOGIAS DE ENSINO DO CORPO HUMANO PARA ALUNOS DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL E MÉDIO: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

Abstract

From the beginnings of its history the human being seeks to understand its nature and the role of the body in the environment in which it lives. The study of the body is essential for the development of personal identity, concepts of hygiene, health and well-being. The discipline responsible for the study of the body are the sciences in elementary education and biology in high school. The teaching of science and biology is permeated by problems that extend to the study of the body: traditional and embedded education, deficiencies in the initial and continued formation of teachers, difficulty in implementing an inclusive teaching and of relating the contents to the daily reality of the student not allowing a contextualized and emancipatory study. Deficiencies in the understanding of the body are seen as a complex, multidimensional, integrated, highly organized structure where each cell, organ, and system are essential. Faced with these problems, the present work presents a systematized narrative review on the teaching of the body, through a historical perspective of traditional, innovative methodologies, the use of pedagogical games and tools, and briefly addressing the inclusive issue in the sciences. The objective of this work is to produce an important scientific document about the teaching of the body in the early and high school years, identifying problems and searching in the literature solutions already presented, providing the scientific community an efficient didactic contribution and that is used as a basis for future research in the teaching area of both the human body and the sciences in general.