IMPORTÂNCIA E UTILIZAÇÃO DE FUNGOS PROMOTORES DE CRESCIMENTO VEGETAL (FPCV) COM DESTAQUE PARA ESTIRPES CONSOLIDADAS

Abstract

Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) represent a sustainable alternative to reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers and to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses in agriculture, through mechanisms such as phytohormone production, nutrient solubilization, siderophore synthesis, and induction of resistance. This work reviews the mechanisms and applications of PGPF, in addition to gathering data on their presence in commercial products available in Brazil. The bibliometric analysis carried out in the Scopus database highlighted the genera Trichoderma and Penicillium, with the greatest scientific production recorded in China, India, and Brazil. In the survey conducted using MAPA's Bioinsumos application, although no records were found of microbiological plant growth-promoting products for beans, tomatoes, and rice, 434 products were found for soybeans, nine of them based on fungi. For maize, 87 product records were found, 14 of which contained fungi. The results show that, although scientific research on PGPF is well established and expanding, its conversion into commercial products is still limited. The predominance of Trichoderma and mycorrhizal fungi in commercial formulations reflects both their proven efficacy and the need to diversify the species explored, expanding the use of fungal bioinputs as a strategy for sustainable agriculture. Research on plant growth-promoting fungi is well established and expanding, but there is still ample room to transform this knowledge into new products capable of strengthening a more sustainable agriculture based on bioinputs in the country.