CARACTERÍSTICAS AGRONÔMICAS DA CULTIVAR DE TRIGO BRS 264 SOB ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA E INOCULAÇÃO COM Azospirillum brasilense

Abstract

Wheat cultivation is of high economic and nutritional importance, but its productivity is strongly influenced by the availability of nitrogen, a nutrient that represents a significant portion of production costs. In this context, inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense can contribute to better nitrogen utilization by plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen applied as topdressing associated with A. brasilense inoculation on the development and agronomic components of the wheat cultivar BRS 264. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Hidrolândia, using a randomized block design in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Five nitrogen doses applied as topdressing were evaluated, corresponding to 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the recommended dose of 80 kg ha⁻¹, combined with the presence and absence of inoculation. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. There was a significant interaction between nitrogen doses and inoculation for tiller number, number of leaves per tiller, number of ears, reproductive part mass, shelled grain mass, and harvest index. In the absence of nitrogen topdressing, inoculation provided the best results for these variables. At doses of 25, 75, and 100%, inoculation generally did not promote significant differences, while at the 50% dose, an inverse response occurred for tiller number and leaves per tiller, with higher values in non-inoculated plants. It is concluded that inoculation showed a greater contribution in the absence of nitrogen topdressing, but does not fully replace nitrogen fertilization.

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