CARACTERIZAÇÃO PAISAGÍSTICA E LEVANTAMENTO FLORÍSTICO DE ÁREAS VERDES

Abstract

The strategic distribution of green spaces is an essential tool for mitigating negative environmental impacts and promoting public health, establishing itself as a fundamental pillar in the pursuit of sustainability and quality of life in contemporary societies. Elements such as urban design, vegetation cover, and adequate infrastructure significantly influence the environmental quality of public squares and the well-being of their users. Furthermore, recent studies have highlighted the multiple benefits of urban tree cover, including positive effects on human health and environmental regulation. In this context, a survey was conducted to assess the plant species used in the composition of public squares and parks in municipalities within the Vale do São Patrício region. The tools employed in this study enabled a detailed analysis of the distribution and characteristics of these spaces, facilitating the identification of green areas and the evaluation of urban environmental quality. The methodology combined the interpretation of satellite and drone imagery with specialized literature and quantitative parameters, including the Margalef and Shannon diversity indices, to measure species richness. The floristic composition of the surveyed green spaces was characterized by a predominance of exotic species, with Dietes iridioides identified as the most frequent species, presenting an absolute frequency of 44 individuals and a relative frequency of 19%. The introduction of native species is recommended in order to support environmental balance and strengthen ecological interactions between local fauna and flora.