Estratégia complementar de manejo nutricional com extratos fermentativos de leveduras sobre características agronômicas na cultura da soja

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a crop of high relevance in Brazilian agribusiness, widely studied regarding nutritional management strategies aimed at increasing productivity. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of foliar fertilization based on yeast extracts on agronomic characteristics of soybean grown in an area with a history of high soil fertility. The experiment was conducted at the Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos, during the 2024/2025 growing season, using a completely randomized design with three treatments and ten replications. The treatments consisted of different foliar supplementation protocols, including a control without application. Agronomic, morphological, and productive variables were evaluated, including yield components, seed weight, plant height, plant population, and grain yield. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test at a 5% probability level. The results showed no statistically significant differences among treatments for all evaluated variables. However, a consistent trend of superiority was observed in the treatment with the highest number of applications, especially for number of pods, number of grains, and yield, reaching up to 78.27 bags per hectare. The lack of significant response may be associated with the high soil fertility, which provided adequate nutrient supply via the root system, reducing the effect of foliar fertilization. It is concluded that, under high soil fertility conditions, foliar fertilization and biostimulant application do not promote statistically significant increases in soybean yield, although numerical gains may be economically relevant.