CAPACIDADE REPRODUTIVA E TOLERÂNCIA DA GIBOMA (Solanum macrocarpon) AO NEMATOIDE DE GALHAS (Meloidogyne enterolobii).

Abstract

Giboma (Solanum macrocarpon) is a wild vegetable of the Solanaceae family, still little known in Brazil. Root-knot nematodes, genus Meloidogyne, cause great losses in vegetables. Currently, an emerging species that has been causing great concern is Meloidogyne enterolobii. Thus, the objective was to evaluate different population levels of M. enterolobii on the vegetative development of the giboma crop and on nematode reproduction. The experiment was carried out under controlled conditions in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design with five treatments and six replications. Giboma seedlings with two pairs of leaves were inoculated with 0, 1,000, 3,000, 5,000, and 10,000 nematode eggs. At 60 days after inoculation, evaluations of variables related to plant development were carried out: fresh root mass (FRM), fresh shoot mass (FSM), dry shoot mass (DSM), and nematological variables, number of eggs (NE). Evaluations of vegetative variables were not significant. Regarding nematode reproduction, there was a significant difference among the initial population levels of M. enterolobii. Regarding nematode reproduction, evaluated by the number of eggs, there was a high reproductive capacity of the nematode in giboma plants. It is worth noting that plants inoculated with 10,000 eggs showed the highest values, with an average of 29,557 eggs per plant. However, regarding the reproduction factor (RF), the initial inoculum of 1000 eggs was more efficient with RF = 24.31. It is concluded that giboma allowed a high reproductive rate of M. enterolobii, however, it showed tolerance to nematode parasitism, so that there was no interference in its vegetative development during the 60-day experimental period. Keywords: Solanaceae, tolerance, root-knot nematode, vegetable crop, control.