PERFORMANCE DE GENÓTIPOS DE SOJA EM FUNÇÃO DA DENSIDADE DE SEMEADURA

Abstract

Soybean yield results from the interaction of multiple productive factors, including plant population arrangement. This study aimed to analyze clustering patterns and correlations among soybean genotypes as a function of seeding density. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design in a 3×5 factorial scheme, consisting of three soybean genotypes (NA5909, NA7337, and TMG1180) and five seeding densities (80, 90, 100, 110, and 120% of the recommended seeding rate). Each plot consisted of four rows spaced 0.5 m apart and 5 m long. Variables were evaluated after harvest. The data were subjected to the assumptions of the statistical model, including tests for normality and homogeneity of residual variances, as well as model additivity. Analysis of variance was then performed, followed by multivariate analyses to describe the variables. Strong and multiple correlations were observed between genotype and seeding density in Glycine max, and the number of grains per plant and the number of two-seed pods were the main components enhancing soybean yield. Further studies are needed to determine the best plant arrangement in the field, minimizing negative effects of genotype × environment interactions and maximizing crop yield potential.