MONITORAMENTO AÉREO E DIAGNÓSTICO DE PLANTAS DANINHAS DE DIFÍCIL CONTROLE NO SUDOESTE GOIANO

Abstract

The objective of this work was to monitor agricultural areas of Southwest of Goiás using drones, as well as to evaluate different modalities of management using mixtures of herbicides for the main species of weeds of the region. Initially, images with fixed wing VANT were obtained in nine and 10 plots in the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 harvests, respectively. In addition, three areas with high infestation by Conyza sp., Digitaria insularis and Commelina benghalensis to perform pre-planting, plant-apply and post-emergence management modalities. For each management modality, the six treatments adopted consisted of a control (without herbicide), the treatment performed by the area producer, three recommendations indicated by BASF and a random recommendation. Weed species of difficult control D. insularis, Conyza sp. and C. benghalensis were frequent in the monitored areas. The monitoring carried out with VANT, allowed to indicate a 15% increase in the infestation of plants with difficult control of the 2017/2018 harvest compared to the 2018/2019 harvest. In pre-planting, only Basf's recommendations produced satisfactory control of D. insularis. For C. benghalensis, all herbicide treatments were effective in controlling this species. The control of infestation by Conyza sp. was less than 60% for all treatments. In plant-apply and post-emergence, controls of D. insularis and C. benghalensis with mixtures of herbicides were greater than 90%. However, the treatment performed by the producer produced control of Conyza sp. less than 80%. Thus, VANT proves to be an important tool for monitoring weed infestation through images used to make infestation maps. Additionally, it indicates failure of control of Conyza sp. when submitted to pre-planting herbicide mixtures. Management options for D. insularis and C. benghalensis with herbicide mixtures are suitable for planting and post-emergence.