CARACTERÍSTICAS FISIOLÓGICAS DE FRUTOS DE TOMARE PARA PROCESSAMENTO INDUSTRIAL PULVERIZADOS COM FERTILIZANTE ORGANOMINERAL - Physilogical charactheristics of processed tomatoes fruit sprayed with organomineral fertilizer.

Abstract

The uniform red color of tomato fruit for industrial processing at harvest time is a critical parameter for obtaining high quality derivatives for processing industry. In addition, the search for agricultural practices that optimize productivity and, while increasing the solubility of soluble solids, is a matter of intense research. In this way, the first objective was to identify the best dose of an amino acid-based commercial product, specifically methionine which is an ethylene precursor, in the fruit maturity evaluation, besides other characteristics evaluated as: fruit size and firmness, soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity, pulp yield and productivity. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (DBC), with five replicates and each experimental plot corresponding to 26 plants in double lines. The treatments were: T1: control; T2: 1.5 L/ha; T3: 3.0 L/ha; T4: 4.5 L/ha and applied at 84 days after transplanting (DAT), when the first fruits changed from green to yellow-orange. Two plants were harvested per experimental plot, manually and randomly collected from the central rows.The doses of 3.0 L/ha and 4.5 L/ha increased, respectively, by 7% and 4%, the percentage of red fruits, which is one of the main objectives of the present study. However, the 4.5 L/ha dose showed a 20% reduction in fruit firmness compared to the other treatments. Noteworthy is the increase of 5% and 7%, respectively, in the doses mentioned, in the parameters mass of fresh average fruit content and yield. For the other characteristics, it was not possible to adjust a polynomial regression analysis comparing the parameters evaluated as a function of treatments, at a significance level of up to 5%.In a second experiment, considering the best dose from the previous experiment, the objective of this work is to identify if the foliar application of commercial products based on amino acids and nutritional elements at the beginning of the ripening process (ethylene production system 2), with The focus on the later production of tomato fruits for industrial processing interferes with their postharvest quality. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications and each experimental plot corresponded to 26 plants in double rows. The treatments, dosage and application time of the commercial products were composed by: T1: control; T2: 3.0 L/ha Bulk® (12% K + 20% amino acids (methionine and cysteine)) at 91 DAT (days after transplantation); T3: 1.5 L/ha LiquiPlex-Finish® (20% K + 6% amino acid complex) at 91 DAT; T4: 2.0 L/ha Honey® (15% K + 1% B + 1.5% Mo + 9% methionine predominant amino acid complex) at 103 DAT; T5: 3.0 L/ha Bulk® + 1.5 L/ha LiquiPlex-Finish at 91 DAT; T6: 3.0 L/ha Bulk® and 2.0 L/ha Honey® at 91 DAT and 103 DAT, respectively; T7: 1.5 L/ha LiquiPlex-Finish® and 2.0 L/ha Honey® at 91 DAT and 103 DAT, respectively; T8: 3.0 L/ha Bulk® + 1.5 L/ha LiquiPlex-Finish® and 2.0 L/ha Honey® at 91 DAT and 103 DAT, respectively. Two plants were harvested per experimental plot, collected manually and randomly from the central rows.The evaluated products, positioned as supplementary fertilization, could not demonstrate their potential due to certain biotic and abiotic stress conditions in the cultivation system, however, Bulk® stands out, which managed to keep the plant photosynthetic process to a minimum under these conditions.