USO DA PALHADA NO SISTEMA DE PLANTIO DIRETO E SEUS BENEFÍCIOS AGRONÔMICO

Abstract

This paper reviews the literature on the influence of cover crop biomass on the initial establishment of soybean under a no-tillage (NT) system in the Brazilian Cerrado. Species such as Brachiaria (Brachiaria spp.), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria spp.) stand out for their high biomass production, adaptation to the region's soil and climate conditions, and the agronomic benefits associated with soil cover. Residual straw, considered in this study as a plant-based bioinput, plays a crucial role in conserving moisture, regulating soil temperature, suppressing weeds, and maintaining the microbiota, favoring germination and uniform seedling emergence. It is evident that proper management of this bioinput contributes to the formation of a consistent stand, increased carbon sequestration, and improved soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. Conversely, excessive residue or high lignification can compromise the initial development of soybean. It is concluded that straw, as a strategic bioinput, must be managed judiciously, with species selection being crucial to maximizing the benefits of NTS, ensuring agricultural productivity and system sustainability. Keywords: Cover crops; Strategic straw; Soybean germination; No-till system; Cerrado.