FOTOSSÍNTESE E TRANSPIRAÇÃO DE CULTIVARES DE RÚCULA COM DOSES DE GRAFENO

Abstract

This study evaluated gas exchange in two arugula cultivars (Cultivada and Gigante Folha Larga) subjected to four graphene doses (0, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L of water). The experiment was conducted in the field at IF Goiano – Campus Ceres, between August and October 2023, using a completely randomized design in a 2x4 factorial scheme, totaling eight treatments with three replicates. Gas exchange analysis was performed using a portable analyzer (IRGA) 25 days after thinning, evaluating net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (C), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The results showed that graphene positively influenced photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. The control treatment (0 mg/L of water) had a mean Pn of 17.57 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, while the treatment with 300 mg/L of water of spray recorded 21.40 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹. Stomatal conductance was highest at the highest dose, reaching 681.10 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹. These findings indicate that graphene acts as a physiological stimulant, improving photosynthetic efficiency and the uptake of water and nutrients, especially at higher doses. The results reinforce its potential in agriculture, aligning with studies that highlight its ability to activate water channels and cell extension proteins