CLONAGEM BOVINA PELA TÉCNICA CONVENCIONAL DE TRANSFERÊNCIA NUCLEAR DE CÉLULAS SOMÁTICAS (TNCS)

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to inform aspects of cloning in cattle and its most common technique: the conventional technique of nuclear transfer by somatic cells. Cloning is a highly advanced process of genetic improvement and biotechnology that is capable of creating an individual genotypically identical to another from somatic cells, through asexual reproduction. In the context of livestock farming, this procedure is associated with animals with some genetic and financial value, which would imply the dissemination of genes of interest in the commercial herd. One of these biotechniques is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which consists of the enucleation of an oocyte and its replacement by a nucleus of a somatic cell of the animal to be cloned in question. The objective of this technique is to propagate the genetic copy of an animal that has desirable characteristics and other economic qualities for the livestock sector. For ethics and animal welfare, cloning has always generated implications as well as the obstacles that the entire process faces before reaching the final result, such as the low success rate and the possible health problems that clones face until they reach adulthood.