ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE ADOLESCENTES NO CENTRO-OESTE E NO BRASIL: ANÁLISE TEMPORAL DA COBERTURA DO SISTEMA DE VIGILÂNCIA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL

Abstract

VAN, through SISVAN, strengthens the food and nutrition agenda within the SUS by collaborating with data on nutritional status and the possibility of analyzing epidemiological factors. Data from SISVAN demonstrates a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity in the population, especially among adolescents, a cycle that involves physical, emotional and social changes. The objective of this work is to verify the trend of records of the nutritional status of adolescents in Goiás, in the Central-West region and in Brazil, in the period from 2010 to 2023. This is an ecological time series study, with analysis of secondary data from SISVAN. Annual records of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years were analyzed, with categorization of nutritional status using BMI for age. In Goiás, Sisvan coverage reduced annually by -31.3% (p < 0.001), while in the Central-West region and Brazil, the reductions were -22.5% (p < 0.001) and -8.7% (p = 0.003), respectively. Regarding nutritional status, thinness showed a significant reduction in the Central-West region (-2.3%; p = 0.027), while eutrophy decreased in the Central-West and in Brazil. Overweight increased in the Midwest (1.3%; p < 0.001), and obesity increased significantly in both the Midwest (4.7%; p < 0.001) and Brazil (4.2%; p < 0.001). This study shows a reduction in SISVAN coverage and changes in the nutritional status of adolescents between 2010 and 2023, with emphasis on the decrease in thinness and the increase in overweight and obesity, especially in Goiás and the Central-West region.