RENDIMENTO DE CULTIVARES DE TRIGO EM DUAS ÉPOCAS DE SEMEADURA EM HIDROLÂNDIA – GOIÁS

Abstract

Wheat cultivars with good adaptability and stability are essential for cultivation in Brazil due to the diversity of environments where they are grown. The plasticity of wheat cultivation, strengthened by genetic improvement, has contributed to wheat becoming the second most cultivated cereal in the world in recent decades. Objective: Methods: The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Field of the Instituto Federal Goiano, in Hidrolândia, GO, at an altitude of 832 meters (16° 58' 5'' S, 49° 13' 54‘’). The work was conducted on two sowing dates (March 1 and March 15). Fertilization was carried out at sowing, weeding and MAP fertilization (9% N and 48% P2O5), with topdressing with Nitrogen, following technical recommendations for the crop. An experimental design was carried out using randomized blocks, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme (varieties x sowing times), 8 blocks of 2 x 2 and 50 cm between blocks, totaling 64 plots (3 m2 of useful area). The cultivars evaluated will be TBIO Aton, TBIO Calibre, TBIO Duque, TBIO Valente, being seeds of genetic improvement. The tests of emergence, germination, sowing and evaluation of the cycle and development of the plants were performed. The parameters evaluated were: Weight of a Thousand Grains (PMG); Weight of Hectoliter (PH); Number of Ears (QE) and statistical program used. Results: different characteristics were presented regarding the aspect of grain quality, suggesting that some cultivars have greater adaptability. The cultivar TBIO Valente had the highest weight of a thousand grains in Season 1, indicating better adaptation to that season. There were no significant differences in the number of ears between the sowing seasons. In terms of hectoliter weight (PH), TBIO Valente had the highest PH in the 2nd sowing season (80.65 kg/hl), while TBIO Aton had the lowest PH in the same season (69.77 kg/hl). Further studies are needed for a more detailed comparison between the materials in the different sowing seasons, providing more accurate answers about the adaptation of the cultivars. Conclusion: these results emphasize the importance of careful planning of the sowing season to maximize wheat productivity and quality in regions such as Hidrolândia – GO, where specific climatic conditions influence the agronomic performance of the cultivars.