PERFIL DO TOMADOR DE CRÉDITO DO FCO E OS REFLEXOS DA PANDEMIA

Abstract

The Constitutional Financing Fund for the Center-West (FCO) plays an essential role in fostering the region’s economic and social development by providing accessible credit to various productive sectors. The dynamics of financing have undergone changes due to the economic crisis triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic, reflecting shifts in demand and the allocation of resources. In light of this scenario, this study analyzes the evolution of FCO contracting between 2018 and 2023, considering the contracted volume, distribution by financing program, size, and region, as well as evaluating the impacts of the pandemic and the trends observed during the period. The research adopts a quantitative and documentary approach, based on the analysis of official reports, data from Banco do Brasil, and information from governmental and academic sources. The temporal analysis covers three distinct periods: pre-pandemic (2018–2019), during the pandemic (2020–2021), and post-pandemic (2022–2023). The data were systematized and presented through graphs, allowing a detailed comparison across the periods. The results indicate that in the pre-pandemic period, the rural sector accounted for the majority of FCO financing, while the business sector experienced a contraction during the pandemic. In the post-pandemic phase, there was a resurgence of the rural sector as the main borrower, accompanied by an increased participation of the business sector. The regional analysis revealed that Goiás concentrated the largest portion of financing throughout the period. Despite fluctuations in the relationship between sectors and financing, there was no structural change in the profile of FCO credit borrowers; rather, there was a temporary reconfiguration of contracting in response to the economic context and the policies adopted at the time. The study contributes to a better understanding of credit dynamics in the Center-West region, providing insights that can help improve public policies and the management of resources allocated for regional development.