CÃES DE PASTOREIO E GUARDA DE REBANHO NA PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL

Abstract

This study aimed to conduct a literature review on the role and importance of guardian and herding dogs in different livestock production systems, focusing on various breeds, training techniques, and proper management to enhance the efficiency of these animals within herds. Dogs are commonly present in the daily lives of most people and play a significant role in society. There are two distinct types of working dogs for livestock: herding dogs, which move livestock from one area to another under the shepherd’s command, and guardian dogs, whose primary function is to protect the herd from predators. Both types can be raised and kept in the same environment; however, they perform completely different functions, as they have been genetically selected to carry out specific tasks. The use of livestock guardian dogs was crucial for the historical coexistence of gray wolves and domestic sheep in Europe and Asia. In areas of conflict between herds and predators, specialized guardian dog breeds are utilized for livestock protection. Common traits that distinguish guardian dogs include their imposing size, dense fur with outer and undercoats, and endurance— characteristics that enable them to excel in their protective role. Many ranchers rely on herding dogs to manage sheep, cattle, and goats in commercial operations, and herding dogs are frequently seen in herding competitions. These animals exhibit remarkable skill in their work, resilience, and problem-solving ability in daily management tasks. With advancements in training techniques, the use of guardian and herding dogs has become increasingly prevalent, demonstrating exceptional performance and serving as an invaluable resource for livestock producers.