A MINERAÇÃO DE OURO EM PILAR DE GOIÁS: IMPACTOS SOCIAIS, AMBIENTAIS E ECONÔMICOS

Abstract

The present study analyzes the social, environmental, and economic impacts resulting from gold mining in the municipality of Pilar de Goiás, investigating how this activity influences sustainability and the well-being of the local population. Gold mining, which has historically played a fundamental role in the region’s development, is one of the main economic activities in Pilar de Goiás. However, while mining contributes to job creation and increased tax revenue, it also entails serious socio-environmental consequences. Throughout the research, it was found that mining activities cause significant environmental damage, such as soil and water contamination, as well as the degradation of vegetation cover. These factors lead to direct impacts on local biodiversity and public health. On the social front, it was observed that, although mining boosts the regional economy, inadequate urban planning and increased pressure on public services create challenges for the community, such as growing demand for housing, healthcare, and education. Through a literature review and qualitative analysis, this study demonstrates that the economic benefits of mining in Pilar de Goiás are often offset by persistent environmental and social issues. The research highlights the need for a mineral exploitation model that prioritizes social and environmental responsibility, aiming not only for economic growth but also for the quality of life of future generations. Thus, it proposes the implementation of more effective public policies focused on sustainability and economic diversification to ensure lasting and balanced local development.