RELATÓRIO FINAL DE PÓS-DOUTORADO EM GEOGRAFIA FÍSICA

Abstract

Cities have aroused the interest of researchers about the quality of life in the urban environment. In recent years the urban surface heat island (ICUS) has been studied in urban climate surveys, as it is one of the climatic phenomena, influenced mainly by human action and causing local climate change. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the influences of natural and anthropic variables (Altitude, Topographic Position Index - IPT, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI, Normalized Difference Water Index - NDWI and Urbanization Index - UI) obtained. by remote sensing over the surface urban heat island using stationary (OLS) and non-stationary (GWR) models. The results showed that the city of São Carlos has an ICUS mosaic and surface urban freshness island (IFUS). On average, 86% of the urban area presented ICUS. Most IFUS are located near watercourses, parks, slopes and valley bottoms, revealing the effect of green areas and relief on microclimate creation. ICUS showed significant seasonal variability. The GWR model could better explain the variability of ICUS than the MQO model, explaining 90% of the variation of ICUS, while MQO explained 79% in summer, the AICc values also indicated superiority of the GWR model. The local regression characteristics of the GWR model provide planners with minute details, facilitating the implementation of mitigation measures. It is noteworthy that the use of the model was not GWR in ICUS studies in Brazilian cities, therefore, it is hoped that this research can serve as a methodological assumption in the modeling of ICUS in Brazil.