ALTERNATIVAS EFICIENTES NO CONTROLE DE Meloidogyne javanica EM JILOEIRO

Abstract

Scarlet eggplant is considered an important and widely consumed vegetable in Brazil. Among its phytosanitary problems, the damage caused by root-knot nematodes stands out. Therefore, efficient management strategies must be adopted to optimize the control of these pathogens. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of different control strategies for Meloidogyne javanica in the jiloeiro crop. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, each plot consisted of one plant per 1L pot, containing autoclaved soil and sand, mixed in a 2:1 v/v ratio. Nine treatments and six replications were analyzed, totaling 54 experimental units: T1 - Control 1 - plants inoculated with M. javanica; T2 - Control 2 - only the jiloeiro; T3 - 6 L ha-1 of biological (Bacillus methylotrophicus); T4 - 0.5 g L-1 of resistance inductor; T5 - 0.5 mL L-1 of Arbolina®; T6 - 10 g L-1 of castor bean cake; T7 - 20 g L-1 of cattle manure; T8 - 5 g L-1 of chicken manure; and T9 - 50 g L-1 of aerial part of cabbage. Jiloeiro seedlings, at the 3 to 4 leaf stage, were inoculated with 5,000 M. javanica eggs. At 15 and 45 days after transplanting, the chlorophyll content was analyzed using the Clorofilog device. After 60 days of inoculation, the vegetative variables (plant height, mass of fresh root and shoot matter, dry matter of the shoot) and nematological variables (number of galls, eggs and reproduction factor - FR) were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared using the Scott-knott test (P≤0.05). For vegetative development variables, the best treatment was castor bean cake, followed by chicken manure and cabbage incorporation. None of the treatments influenced the chlorophyll content of the jiloeiros. The most effective treatment in controlling M. javanica in jiloeiro was castor cake, which reduced the number of galls and eggs by 84.22% and 69.73%, respectively. Therefore, castor bean cake, at 10 g L-1 , is recommended to control M. javanica in jiloeiro.