CORRETIVOS DA ACIDEZ DO SOLO APLICADOS EM SUPERFÍCIE NO SISTEMA SOJA-MILHO

Abstract

Fertilization and improving soil fertility are integrated practices, considered important for producers to increase their production sustainability. However, soil correction in several regions becomes essential to guarantee productivity. Therefore, this research becomes relevant to verify whether new forms of liming, in the direct planting system, have been efficient in adjusting pH, making nutrients available, contributing to the balance of Microbial Biomass (BMS) and productivity of the soybean–corn system. The forms of correction with calcium hydroxide, filler-type dolomitic limestone, nanoparticulate dolomitic limestone, nanoparticulate dolomitic limestone added with magnesium silicate and the control, without correction, were evaluated. The following were evaluated: pH, Calcium, Magnesium, Basal Soil Respiration, Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and soil Metabolite Quotient. Also, it was evaluated if the products used are efficient alternatives for use on surfaces without incorporation into the soil, compared to conventional limestone. Mainly due to greater solubility and faster reactivity than conventional. It is possible to maintain soil pH levels with all products evaluated, even with the addition of acidifying fertilizers and with the effect of biological processes that occur during the plant cultivation period and that promote acidification of the environment, in addition, the calcium and magnesium availability, during the crop cycle, can result in increased productivity. The correctives used meet the need for nutrients for the productivity obtained, maintaining pH levels and making Ca and Mg available during the crop cycle, and can be a substitute for filler lime at surface application conditions in the direct planting system and in the soybean- corn cycle, positively impacting soil basal respiration and increasing biomass in relation to the beginning of the cycle.