ELEMENTOS POTENCIALMENTE TÓXICOS EM SOLOS COM APLICAÇÃO DE FERTILIZANTES ORGÂNICOS A LONGO PRAZO

Abstract

Animal-based organic fertilizers are an important source of organic matter and nutrients for agriculture. However, these materials may contain toxic elements, which may impact environmental quality and public health. The objective of this work was to evaluate, in agricultural areas of Rio Verde/GO region, the concentration of toxic elements, such as cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead, arsenic, copper, manganese and zinc, in the soil (0- 10 and 10-20 cm) surface layer, comparing the values obtained with the standards established by environmental legislation. Areas representing different agricultural production systems were selected, with application histories ranging from six months to twenty years. The analyzes were carried out according to the EPA 3051 A methodology, with quantification carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). For As, Hg, Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn, in all scenarios evaluated, the concentrations found were below the relevant prevention values, reducing the absence of negative effects on soil quality. However, for Cr, 62.5% of the samples evaluated were above the PV and 25% above the VI, which are also risks to human health. For Cd, 91% of the samples evaluated were above the VP and 66% above the VI. The results found demonstrate the need to identify and control sources of pollution for Cd and Cr, in addition to the importance of environmental monitoring and possible remediation strategies in areas with concentrations above VI.