CAPRINOCULTURA LEITEIRA NO BRASIL

Abstract

The productive chain of goat farming consists of the production of milk, meat and skin. Dairy goat farming is widespread in the northeast region of Brazil, although the sector is highlighted in the northeast region, the other Brazilian regions show constant growth rates, mainly as a source of income for small producers. Goat milk is a food with a nutritional composition of great importance, raising dairy goats is seen as a viable and profitable option for small rural producers, however, technological adjustments need to be made in all items of the dairy goat production system. such as health management. Knowing the importance of the dairy goat sector, the present study aims to carry out a bibliographic review about the sector in order to raise the reality of the sector in Brazil, in different regions, identifying who the productive agents are and presenting about the management health and genetics of these animals. In reference to the condition of goat producers as a function of land, it is observed that for all regions, the largest number is represented by landowners. The largest producer of goat's milk in the country is the state of Paraíba. The goat farming sector proves to be profitable for small producers who adapt the animal needs from the correct management. Animal management will greatly influence profitability, although the animals are more rustic, it does not dispense with basic care such as quality food and sanitary management, basic care such as deworming, cleaning the stables and pre-milking udder hygiene should not be dispensed with. The Alpine, Saanen and Anglo Nubian breeds make up most of the national dairy goat herd, being the breeds with the greatest potential for dairy production, of which the saanen breed stands out in terms of productivity.