ESTIMATIVA DA PERDA DE SOLO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO CÓRREGO DO SAPO, RIO VERDE - GO

Abstract

The Córrego do Sapo is a relevant watershed in the municipality of Rio Verde (GO), its main water body is partially channeled in the urban section, so that 80% of the urban area drains into the stream, being affected by low-income housing invasion, domestic or industrial clandestine sewage, surface runoff and drag of solids to the stream bed. This sediments reservoir for the stream channel can cause its silting up, increasing the probability of roads flooding, in addition of reducing the water quality. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the relationships between rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, relief aspects, land use and land cover and the Sapo creek hydrographic basin, for dry and rainy seasons. For this, free databases and the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) were used, with the use of remote sensing and geoprocessing. Potential soil loss was predominant in the weak classification, about 71% of the total studied area, the most influential factor was the LS (ranging from 0 to 81.6), in which great similarity was demonstrated between the maps of the LS factor and the downward influence, which shows how the topographical influence of the atmospheric influence. For real soil loss estimation, the light category prevailed (51%), followed by very high (14%), with values from 0 to 1136.5 tn.mm.ha-1.year-1, with the highest results observed in areas close to water bodies, combined with high topographic values and pasture use. The basin was characterized as urbanized, approximately 58% of the total area (3166.1 ha). The results of this study demonstrated the importance of good management practices, since the basin in question presented areas with high values for management, which, combined with its location and land use and cover, can bring environmental and health damage. The work can be used to implement actions for the management and planning of the basin's natural resources.