HORÁRIO DE ORDENHA NA PRODUÇÃO DE VACAS LEITEIRAS

Abstract

Milk is a natural product that has components synthesized by the mammary gland, from nutrients derived from the digestion and metabolism of the diet, in addition to components synthesized by extra-mammary tissues, being influenced, in the same way, by animal nutrition. The practice of increasing the frequency of milking has traditionally been successfully employed with regard to increasing milk production throughout the entire lactation period in Holstein animals. The objective of this work was to verify if there is a difference between the milking schedules in the milk production of Holstein cows along the different months and in different seasons of the year. For the present work, a database containing 448 females was used, provided by Fazenda Santana located in Goiatuba, Goiás, whose latitude is 18°01'24” S and longitude 49°23'38” W, with a hot tropical climate It's humid. The database had 1095 total daily production records, where females were milked three times a day, in the morning (4:00 am), afternoon (12:00 pm) and night (7:00 pm) according to solar time, with intervals between milkings of eight hours, collected from January to December 2022. The cows used in this work were of the Girolando breed, whose blood degree was 1/2, 3/4 or 5/8, Holstein or Jersey, and were reared in a Compost barn system. To compare the means of treatments, Tukey's test was used, at a 5% significance level, using the PROC GLM procedure from SAS STUDIO. There was a significant difference between the milkings of the day during all the observed months. In all months, milking 1 performed at 4:30 am produced the highest amount of milk, ranging from 3,593.97 to 4,400.74 liters of milk per month. In general, milking 1 at 4:30 am produced more than the others and milking 3 at 7:30 pm produced less. For the three milkings carried out a day, station 1 produced more than station 2. Milk production is different in the three milkings along the months of the year and in the different seasons of the year. Keywords: Dairy production, Compost barn, Holstein cows.