CARACTERIZAÇÃO FITOQUÍMICA DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS E UTILIZAÇÃO EM PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL

Abstract

How long we will continue insisting to use chemical products incorrectly compromising all ecosystem? The high demand for animal products has led to the massive use of chemiosintetics products in the nutritional and health management to provide quality food. The need to combat the parasitic stages of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is done by ectoparasiticides and the ideal is that we used a strategic program in conjunction with plants metabolites, reducing chemical applications. The errors resulting from the misuse of these chemicals are aggravated and noticed by the acquired resistance of ticks. We see then, the need for multidisciplinary research to take place alternatively to agrochemicals. Thus, the aim of this study was to prepare, characterize and determine the biological activity in animal production of aqueous and ethanol extracts of species of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf), guapeva (Pouteria gardneriana Radlk), cashew-of -tree-do-cerrado (Anacardium othonianum Rizz), santa bárbara (Melia azedarach L.) and neem (Azadirachta indica L.), and essential oils of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit. and Hyptis marrubioides EPL. Water and ethanol extracts of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf), guapeva (Pouteria gardneriana Radlk), cashew-tree-of-the-cerrado (Anacardium othonianum Rizz), santa bárbara (Melia azedarach L.) neem (Azadirachta indica L.) species were prepared as well as was done the chemical characterization of the profile by column chromatography and comparative thin layer CCDC and high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC, characterization acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It was determined the chemical quality of corn silage, using the leaves of the evaluated species as additives. Essential oil extraction was performed from Hyptis suaveolens species (L.) Poit., Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit. and Hyptis marrubioides EPL. We evaluated the following biological parameters: female weight before laying, the mass weight of eggs and larvae hatching percentage. From these values it was calculated the control percentage. The results indicate that extracts of guapeva leaves (Pouteria gardneriana Radlk), cashew-tree-of-the-cerrado (Anacardium othonianum Rizz), santa bárbara (Melia azedarach), neem (Azadirachta indica L.) and grass lemon (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf), are potentially useful for the control of Rhipicephalus B. microplus ticks, especially the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The inclusion of leaves of cashew-tree-of-the-cerrado (Anacardium othonianum Rizz), neem (Azadirachta indica L.), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf), santa bárbara (Melia azedarach), and guapeva (Pouteria gardneriana Radlk) as an additive to corn silage, although there was no significant difference between species, neem was the species that xxi stood out over the others in the evaluated parameters. Studies should be carried out in order to assess the influence of secondary metabolites on the microbiological activity in the fermentation process of corn silage. The essential oil of species bamburral (Hyptis suaveolens (L) Poit), mint-offield (Hyptis marrubioides EPL) and sambacaitá (Hyptis pectinata (L) Poit) had partial control on engorged female Rhipicephalus Boophilus microplus.