PRODUTIVIDADE DE PROGÊNIES HÍBRIDAS DE MARACUJÁ-AZEDO CULTIVADAS EM ESTUFA E TELADO

Abstract

It is believed that passion fruit crops inside greenhouses or screens can suffer physiological damage that is potentiated by pests and diseases. The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity of seven passion fruit progenies in a greenhouse and in a greenhouse. The com-mercial cultivar BRS Gigante Amarelo was used as a standard for comparison. The experiment was implemented in October (2019), in the Municipality of Padre Bernardo, GO, under green-house conditions (50 m x 14 m) and in a greenhouse with red Cromatinete mesh cover and white clarite mesh on the sides. Seedlings with 70 to 110 cm in height were used. A randomized block design (DBC) was used, with five replications of five useful plants, totaling 25 plants per progeny. The spacing used was 1.5 m between trellis and 2 m between plants. The seedlings were obtained on beds measuring one meter wide x 0.30 m high, covered with black canvas mulching. Irrigation was carried out by continuous hoses, equipped with five drippers per linear meter, providing a total flow of 7.5 L/h/m. The beds were previously corrected with limestone, chicken litter and NPK 4-30-16. The other fertilizations were carried out every 15 days, via ferti-irrigation. Pollination was performed manually, with the aid of a fine-haired brush. The evalua-tions were carried out by counting the still unripe fruits, one month after each flowering peak, from February (2020) to February (2021). The weighing of 10 ripe fruits per repetition were carried out in May and September (2020) and March (2021). Considering 2400 plants.ha-1 (12 greenhouses.ha-1), the estimated yields of the greenhouse progenies ranged from 64.5 t.ha-1 to 116.8 t.ha-1. In the greenhouse, they ranged from 13.0 t.ha-1 to 32.1 t.ha-1. In the greenhouses, five progenies produced 12.2% to 48.5% more than the BRS Gigante Amarelo. In the green-house, five progenies produced 16.4 to 99.0% more than the BRS Gigante Amarelo. The green-house provided a physical barrier to the entry of caterpillars and bees, but favored high inci-dences of flower bud fly and diseases. The rains during flowering peaks also contributed to reduce the setting rates of pollinated flowers inside the greenhouse.